Design and analysis of efficient synthesis algorithms for EDAC functions in FPGAs

Error Detection and Correction (EDAC) functions have been widely used for protecting memories from single event upsets (SEU), which occur in environments with high levels of radiation or in deep submicron manufacturing technologies. This paper presents three novel synthesis algorithms that obtain areaefficient implementations for a given EDAC function, with the ultimate aim of reducing the number of sensitive configuration bits in SRAM-based Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Having less sensitive bits results in a lower chance of suffering a SEU in the EDAC circuitry, thus improving the overall reliability of the whole system. Besides minimizing area, the proposed algorithms also focus on improving other figures of merit like circuit speed and power consumption. The executed benchmarks show that, when compared to other modern synthesis tools, the proposed algorithms can reduce the number of utilized look-up tables (LUTs) up to a 34.48%. Such large reductions in area usage ultimately result in reliability improvements over 10% for the implemented EDAC cores, measured as MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures). On the other hand, maximum path delays and power consumptions can be reduced up to a 17.72% and 34.37% respectively on the placed and routed designs.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Educacion, Cultura y Deporte under the grant FPU12/05573, and by the Spanish Ministry of Economıa project ESP2013-48362-C2-2-P, in the frame of the activities of the Instrument Control Unit of the Infrarred Instrument of the ESA Euclid Mission carried out by the Dept. of Electronics and Computer Technology of the Universidad Politécnica de Cartagen

IMM-Based lane-change prediction in highways with low-cost GPS/INS

The prediction of lane changes has been proven to be useful for collision avoidance support in road vehicles. This paper proposes an interactive multiple model (IMM)-based method for predicting lane changes in highways. The sensor unit consists of a set of low-cost Global Positioning System/inertial measurement unit (GPS/IMU) sensors and an odometry captor for collecting velocity measurements. Extended Kalman filters (EKFs) running in parallel and integrated by an IMM-based algorithm provide positioning and maneuver predictions to the user. The maneuver states Change Lane (CL) and Keep Lane (KL) are defined by two models that describe different dynamics. Different model sets have been studied to meet the needs of the IMM-based algorithm. Real trials in highway scenarios show the capability of the system to predict lane changes in straight and curved road stretches with very short latency times.Ministerio de Fomento: FOM/2454/200

Proceso adaptativo para la implantación de ABP en materias de sistemas embebidos

Una de las metodologías activas que más aceptación está teniendo es el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP), que presenta una adaptación perfecta en enseñanzas técnicas, ya que los futuros ingenieros tendrán que adoptar metodologías similares en el mundo laboral. El presente trabajo ofrece una guía de buenas prácticas y un marco perfecto de discusión sobre ABP, llevadas a cabo en dos asignaturas. En el artículo se explican los cambios hechos en las asignaturas objeto de estudio, hasta llegar al punto actual de implantación del ABP, y se describe la metodología seguida en el pasado curso. Los resultados de esta experiencia muestran las mejoras en las calificaciones, la calidad del aprendizaje y la mayor motivación del alumno. Finalmente, se discuten los principales inconvenientes y las cuestiones de mayor importancia que se han de considerar en un proceso adaptativo de esta índole.Peer Reviewe

Neuro-fuzzy based maneuver detection for collision avoidance in road vehicles

The issue of collision avoidance in road vehicles has been investigated from many different points of view. An interesting approach for Road Vehicle Collision Assistance Support Systems (RVCASS) is based on the creation of a scene of the vehicles involved in a potentially conflictive traffic situation. This paper proposes a neuro-fuzzy approach for dynamic classification of the vehicles roles in a scene. For that purpose, different maneuver state models for longitudinal movements of road vehicles have been defined, and a prototype has been equipped with INS (Inertial Navigation Systems) and GPS (Global Positioning System) sensors. Trials with real data show the suitability of the proposed neurofuzzy approach for solving support to the problem under consideration.Ministerio de Fomento de España y la Agencia Espacial Europea (ESA) patrocinadores de la actividad FOM/3929/2005 and GIROADS 332599 respectivamente

Recent Advancement on the Use of Global Navigation Satellite System-Based Positioning for Intelligent Transport Systems

Non peer reviewe

Laboratory and telescope demonstration of the TP3-WFS for the adaptive optics segment of AOLI

AOLI (Adaptive Optics Lucky Imager) is a state-of-art instrument that combines adaptive optics (AO) and lucky imaging (LI) with the objective of obtaining diffraction limited images in visible wavelength at mid- and big-size ground-based telescopes. The key innovation of AOLI is the development and use of the new TP3-WFS (Two Pupil Plane PositionsWavefront Sensor). The TP3-WFS, working in visible band, represents an advance over classical wavefront sensors such as the Shack-Hartmann WFS (SH-WFS) because it can theoretically use fainter natural reference stars, which would ultimately provide better sky coverages to AO instruments using this newer sensor. This paper describes the software, algorithms and procedures that enabled AOLI to become the first astronomical instrument performing real-time adaptive optics corrections in a telescope with this new type of WFS, including the first control-related results at the William Herschel Telescope (WHT)This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy under the projects AYA2011-29024, ESP2014-56869-C2-2-P, ESP2015-69020-C2-2-R and DPI2015-66458-C2-2-R, by project 15345/PI/10 from the Fundación Séneca, by the Spanish Ministry of Education under the grant FPU12/05573, by project ST/K002368/1 from the Science and Technology Facilities Council and by ERDF funds from the European Commission. The results presented in this paper are based on observations made with the William Herschel Telescope operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. Special thanks go to Lara Monteagudo and Marcos Pellejero for their timely contributions

A novel 1D-FDTD Scheme to Solve the Nonlinear Second-order Thermoviscous Hydrodynamic Model

In this paper, we present a novel and simple Yee Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) scheme to solve numerically the nonlinear second-order thermoviscous Navier–Stokes and the Continuity equations. In their original form, these equations cannot be discretized by using the Yee’s mesh, at least, easily. As it is known, the use of the Yee’s mesh is recommended because it is optimized in order to obtain higher computational performance and remains at the core of many current acoustic FDTD softwares. In order to use the Yee’s mesh, we propose to rewrite the aforementioned equations in a novel form. To achieve this, we will use the substitution corollary. This procedure is novel in the literature. Although the scheme can be extended to more than one dimension, in this paper, we will focus only on the one-dimensional solution because it can be validated with two analytical solutions to the Burgers equation: the Mendousse mono-frequency solution and the Lardner bi-frequency solution. Numerical solutions are excellently consistent with the analytical solution, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our formulation.This work was partially supported by the “Research Programme for Groups of Scientific Excellence at Region of Murcia” of the Seneca Foundation (Agency for Science and Technology of the Region of Murcia, Spain - 19895/GERM/15). María Campo-Valera is grateful for postdoctoral program Margarita Salas - Spanish Ministry of Universities (financed by European Union - NextGenerationEU)

High integrity IMM-EKF based road vehicle navigation with low cost GPS/INS.

User requirements for the performance of GlobaL Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based road applications have been significantly increasing in recent years. Safety systems based on vehicle localization, electronic fee-collection systems, and traveler information services are just a few examples of interesting applications requiring onboard equipment (OBE) capable of offering a high available accurate position, even in unfriendly environments with low satellite visibility such as built-up areas or tunnels and at low cost. In addition to that, users and service providers demand from the OBEs not only accurate continuous positioning but integrity information of the reliability of this position as well. Specifically, in life-critical applications, high-integrity monitored positioning is absolutely required. This paper presents a solution based on the fusion of GNSS and inertial sensors (a Global Positioning System/Satellite-Based Augmentation System/Inertial Navigation System integrated system) running an extended Kalman filter combined with an interactive multimodel method (IMM-EKF). The solution developed in this paper supplies continuous positioning in marketable conditions and a meaningful trust level of the given solution. A set of tests performed in controlled and real scenarios proves the suitability of the proposed IMM-EKF implementation as compared with lowcost GNSS-based solutions, dead reckoning systems, single-model EKF, and other filtering approaches of the current literature.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Fomento under Grant FOM/3929/2005 and by the Galileo Joint Undertaking (GJU) under Grant GIROADS 332599. The Associate Editor for this paper was Y. Wang

Respuesta del cerezo var “Prime Giant” al riego deficitario: primeros resultados

[ESP] El seguimiento del estado hídrico del suelo y del árbol de manera continuada y en tiempo real mediante el uso de redes de sensores permite la aplicación del riego deficitario controlado en cerezo de forma precisa. Durante el primer año de ensayo, los tratamientos de riego deficitario controlado (RDC100-55) y sostenido (RDS85) supusieron un ahorro de agua respecto al tratamiento control (CTL), regado al 110% de la ETcg, del 41% (2812 m3·ha-1) y 23% (1612 m3·ha-1) respectivamente. Este ahorro de agua no dio lugar a potenciales hídricos de tallo a mediodía inferiores a -0,7 y -1,5MPa en pre y poscosecha, respectivamente y no causó diferencias entre tratamientos ni en producción ni en el peso unitario de las cerezas. [ENG] Monitoring soil and tree water status continuously and in real time using sensor networks allowed regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) management in sweet cherry trees. Two deficit treatments were imposed, regulated deficit irrigation RDC100-55 and sustained deficit irrigation RDS85, they saved 41% (2812 m3·ha-1) and 23% (1612 m3·ha-1) of the water amount applied during the first year of work compared to control treatment, CTL, watered to 110% of the ETcg. These savings did not cause midday stem water potentials lower than -0.7 and -1.5MPa during pre and postharvest, respectively. Moreover, there were no differences in production or per cherry unitary weight between treatments.Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura y Edificación (ETSAE), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos y de Ingeniería de Minas (ETSICCPIM), Facultad de Ciencias de la Empresa (FCCE), Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo (PTFA), Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes y Extensión de la UPCT, Vicerrectorado de Investigación e Innovación de la UPCT, y Vicerrectorado de Internacionalización y Cooperación al Desarrollo de la UPCT